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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem) |
| Genitive: | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)ən |
| Dative: | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)lan |
| Accusative: | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)əm |
| Comparative: | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)la |
| Comitative: | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)ge |
| Inessive: | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)əʃte |
| Illative: | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)əʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)jeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)jem |
| 2SG: | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)jet |
| 3SG: | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)ʒe |
| 1PL: | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)na |
| 2PL: | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)da |
| 3PL: | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)əʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)-βlak |
| Plural (2): | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)la |
| Sociative Plural: | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)mət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)jem | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)-βlak | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)-βlakem, joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)jem-βlak |
| Genitive: | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)jemən | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)-βlakən | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)-βlakemən, joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)jem-βlakən |
| Dative: | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)jemlan, joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)lanem | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)-βlaklan | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)-βlakemlan, joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)jem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)jeməm | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)-βlakəm | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)-βlakeməm, joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)jem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)jemla, joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)lam | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)-βlakla | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)-βlakemla, joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)jem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)jemge | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)-βlakge | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)-βlakemge, joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)jem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)əʃtem | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)-βlakəʃte | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)-βlakəʃtem, joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)jem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)əʃkem | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)-βlakəʃ(ke) | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)-βlakəʃkem, joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)jem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)jeʃem | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)-βlakeʃ | joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)-βlakeʃem, joŋəltaraʃ (-jem)jem-βlakeʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||